The North pole, or geographic North pole - the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the Earth with its surface in the Northern Hemisphere. It is located in the central part of the Arctic Ocean. The North pole should not be confused with the North magnetic pole. The average air temperature at the North pole in winter is around -40 ° C, in summer it is mostly around 0 ° C.
The North magnetic pole is a conditional point in the north polar region of the earth’s surface, in which the earth’s magnetic field is directed straight down (at an angle of 90 ° to the surface). The location of the North magnetic pole does not coincide with the geographic North pole. Around the beginning of the 17th century, the pole was located under pack ice within the borders of the present Canadian Arctic. The North magnetic pole of our planet moves from the Arctic coast of Canada towards the Russian archipelago Severnaya Zemlya (Northern Earth): from the Resolute port to the Dickson port.
The North geomagnetic pole
Geomagnetic poles are the points where the axis of the magnetic dipole (which is the main component of the decomposition of the magnetic field of the Earth in multi-fields) intersects the surface of the Earth. Since the magnetic dipole is only an approximate model of the Earth’s magnetic field, the geomagnetic poles differ in their location from the true magnetic poles, in which the magnetic inclination is 90 °. The movement of the geomagnetic pole can be observed from the shores of the Canadian Arctic to the northern shores of Russia: from the port Alert to the port Nordvik.
The Pole of Inaccessibility is the point that is most difficult to reach because of its distance from convenient transport routes. Often this refers to the most distant point from the coastline.The continental and oceanic poles of inaccessibility have approximately the same radius: the Eurasian pole (2645 km) is only 43 km closer to the ocean than the Pacific pole (2688 km) to land. The term describes a geographical point, not a physical phenomenon, and presents more interest to researchers and travelers.